The burden of HIV on Tuberculosis patients in the Volta region of Ghana from 2012 to 2015: implication for Tuberculosis control
Identifieur interne : 000014 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000013; suivant : 000015The burden of HIV on Tuberculosis patients in the Volta region of Ghana from 2012 to 2015: implication for Tuberculosis control
Auteurs : Eric Osei [Ghana] ; Joyce Der [Ghana] ; Richard Owusu [Ghana] ; Philip Kofie [Ghana] ; Wisdom Kudzo Axame [Ghana]Source :
- BMC Infectious Diseases [ 1471-2334 ] ; 2017.
Abstract
The impact of HIV on TB, and the implications for TB control, has been acknowledged as a public health challenge. It is imperative therefore to assess the burden of HIV on TB patients as an indicator for monitoring the control efforts of the two diseases in this part of the world. This study aimed at determining the burden of HIV infection in TB patients.
We conducted a retrospective review of TB registers in five districts of the Volta Region of Ghana. Prevalence of TB/HIV co-infection was determined. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression were used to identify the predictors of HIV infection among TB patients and statistical significance was set at
Of the 1772 TB patients, 1633 (92.2%) were tested for HIV. The overall prevalence of TB/HIV co-infection was (18.2%; 95% CI: 16.4–20.1). The prevalence was significantly higher among females (24.1%; 95%CI: 20.8–27.7), compared to males (15.1%; 95% CI: 13.1–17.4) (
TB/HIV co-infection rate in five study districts of the Volta region is quite high, occurs more frequently in female patients than males; among smear negative pulmonary TB patients, and children <15 years of age. Findings also demonstrate that HIV co-infection affects TB treatment outcomes adversely. Strengthening the TB/HIV collaborative efforts is required in order to reduce the burden of co-infection in patients.
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DOI: 10.1186/s12879-017-2598-z
PubMed: 28724359
PubMed Central: 5517831
Affiliations:
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wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff1"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.449729.5</institution-id><institution>Department of Population and Behavioural Sciences, School of Public Health,</institution><institution>University of Health and Allied Sciences,</institution></institution-wrap>Hohoe, Ghana</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Ghana</country><wicri:regionArea>Hohoe</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Der, Joyce" sort="Der, Joyce" uniqKey="Der J" first="Joyce" last="Der">Joyce Der</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff2"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.449729.5</institution-id><institution>Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health,</institution><institution>University of Health and Allied Sciences,</institution></institution-wrap>Hohoe, Ghana</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Ghana</country><wicri:regionArea>Hohoe</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Owusu, Richard" sort="Owusu, Richard" uniqKey="Owusu R" first="Richard" last="Owusu">Richard Owusu</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff2"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.449729.5</institution-id><institution>Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health,</institution><institution>University of Health and Allied Sciences,</institution></institution-wrap>Hohoe, Ghana</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Ghana</country><wicri:regionArea>Hohoe</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kofie, Philip" sort="Kofie, Philip" uniqKey="Kofie P" first="Philip" last="Kofie">Philip Kofie</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff3"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.449729.5</institution-id><institution>Department of Family and Community Health, School of 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when="2017">2017</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p id="Par1">The impact of HIV on TB, and the implications for TB control, has been acknowledged as a public health challenge. It is imperative therefore to assess the burden of HIV on TB patients as an indicator for monitoring the control efforts of the two diseases in this part of the world. This study aimed at determining the burden of HIV infection in TB patients.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p id="Par2">We conducted a retrospective review of TB registers in five districts of the Volta Region of Ghana. Prevalence of TB/HIV co-infection was determined. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression were used to identify the predictors of HIV infection among TB patients and statistical significance was set at <italic>p</italic>-value <0.05.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p id="Par3">Of the 1772 TB patients, 1633 (92.2%) were tested for HIV. The overall prevalence of TB/HIV co-infection was (18.2%; 95% CI: 16.4–20.1). The prevalence was significantly higher among females (24.1%; 95%CI: 20.8–27.7), compared to males (15.1%; 95% CI: 13.1–17.4) (<italic>p</italic> < 0.001) and among children <15 years of age (27.0%; 95% CI: 18.2–38.1), compared to the elderly ≥70 years (3.5%; 95% CI: 1.6–7.4) (<italic>p</italic> < 0.001). Treatment success rate was higher among patients with only TB (90%; 95% CI: 88.1–91.5) than among TB/HIV co-infected patients (77.0%; 95% CI: 71.7–81.7) (<italic>p</italic> < 0.001). Independent predictors of HIV infection were found to be: being female (AOR: 1.79; 95% CI: 1.38–2.13; <italic>p</italic> < 0.001); smear negative pulmonary TB (AOR: 1.84; 95% CI: 1.37–2.47; <italic>p</italic> < 0.001); and patients registered in Hohoe, Kadjebi, and Kpando districts with adjusted odds ratios of 1.69 (95% CI: 1.13–2.54; <italic>p</italic> = 0.011), 2.29 (95% CI: 1.46–3.57; <italic>p</italic> < 0.001), and 2.15 (95% CI: 1.44–3.21; <italic>p</italic> < 0.001) respectively. Patients ≥70 years of age and those registered in Keta Municipal were less likely to be HIV positive with odds ratios of 0.09 (95% CI: 0.04–0.26; <italic>p</italic> < 0.001) and 0.62 (95% CI: 0.38–0.99; <italic>p</italic> = 0.047) respectively.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p id="Par4">TB/HIV co-infection rate in five study districts of the Volta region is quite high, occurs more frequently in female patients than males; among smear negative pulmonary TB patients, and children <15 years of age. Findings also demonstrate that HIV co-infection affects TB treatment outcomes adversely. Strengthening the TB/HIV collaborative efforts is required in order to reduce the burden of co-infection in patients.</p></sec></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Allen, S" uniqKey="Allen S">S Allen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Batungwanayo, J" uniqKey="Batungwanayo J">J Batungwanayo</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kerlikowske, K" uniqKey="Kerlikowske K">K Kerlikowske</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lifson, Ar" uniqKey="Lifson A">AR Lifson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wolf, W" uniqKey="Wolf W">W Wolf</name></author><author><name sortKey="Granich, R" uniqKey="Granich R">R Granich</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Selwyn, Pa" uniqKey="Selwyn P">PA Selwyn</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hartel, D" uniqKey="Hartel D">D Hartel</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lewis, Va" uniqKey="Lewis 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uniqKey="Epstein M">MD Epstein</name></author><author><name sortKey="Schluger, Nw" uniqKey="Schluger N">NW Schluger</name></author><author><name sortKey="Davidow, Al" uniqKey="Davidow A">AL Davidow</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bonk, S" uniqKey="Bonk S">S Bonk</name></author><author><name sortKey="Rom, Wn" uniqKey="Rom W">WN Rom</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hanna, B" uniqKey="Hanna B">B Hanna</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Namukwaya, E" uniqKey="Namukwaya E">E Namukwaya</name></author><author><name sortKey="Nakwagala, Fn" uniqKey="Nakwagala F">FN Nakwagala</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mulekya, F" uniqKey="Mulekya F">F Mulekya</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mayanja Kizza, H" uniqKey="Mayanja Kizza H">H Mayanja-Kizza</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mugerwa, R" uniqKey="Mugerwa R">R Mugerwa</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct></listBibl></div1></back></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>Ghana</li></country></list><tree><country name="Ghana"><noRegion><name sortKey="Osei, Eric" sort="Osei, Eric" uniqKey="Osei E" first="Eric" last="Osei">Eric Osei</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Axame, Wisdom Kudzo" sort="Axame, Wisdom Kudzo" uniqKey="Axame W" first="Wisdom Kudzo" last="Axame">Wisdom Kudzo Axame</name><name sortKey="Der, Joyce" sort="Der, Joyce" uniqKey="Der J" first="Joyce" last="Der">Joyce Der</name><name sortKey="Kofie, Philip" sort="Kofie, Philip" uniqKey="Kofie P" first="Philip" last="Kofie">Philip Kofie</name><name sortKey="Owusu, Richard" sort="Owusu, Richard" uniqKey="Owusu R" first="Richard" last="Owusu">Richard Owusu</name></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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